Altera Nios II C2H Compiler Bedienungsanleitung Seite 7
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Altera Corporation 9.1 1–1
November 2009
1. Introduction to the
C2H Compiler
The Nios
®
II C-to-Hardware Acceleration (C2H) Compiler is a tool that
allows you to create custom hardware accelerators directly from ANSI C
source code. A hardware accelerator is a block of logic that implements a
C function in hardware, which often improves the execution performance
by an order of magnitude. Using the C2H Compiler, you can develop and
debug an algorithm in C targeting an Altera
®
Nios II processor, and then
quickly convert the C code to a hardware accelerator implemented in a
field programmable gate array (FPGA).
The C2H Compiler improves the performance of Nios II programs by
implementing specific C functions as hardware accelerators. The
C2H Compiler is not designed to create arbitrary hardware systems from
C code. Rather, the C2H Compiler is a tool for generating a hardware
accelerator module, functionally identical to the original C function, that
offloads and enhances the performance of the Nios II processor.
User Guide
Overview
This user guide comprises the following chapters:
■ Chapter 1, Introduction to the C2H Compiler provides a detailed
background on the C2H Compiler and the concepts required to use
it.
■ Chapter 2, Getting Started Tutorial provides hands-on instructions
that teach you the first steps to begin using the C2H Compiler.
■ Chapter 3, C-to-Hardware Mapping Reference provides reference on
how the C2H Compiler translates C constructs to hardware
structures.
■ Chapter 4, Understanding the C2H View helps you use the C2H
view to get performance information and to control the compilation
of accelerators.
■ Chapter 5, Accelerating Code Using the Nios II Software Build Tools
Command Line explains how to use the C2H Compiler with the
Nios
®
II software build tools.
■ Chapter 6, Pragma Reference summarizes usage of all C2H #pragma
directives.
■ Chapter 7, ANSI C Compliance and Restrictions documents all
sections of the ANSI C specification that the C2H Compiler does not
support.
- Nios II C2H Compiler 1
- User Guide 1
- UG-N2C2HCMPLR-1.6 2
- Contents 3
- Chapter 6. Pragma Reference 4
- 1. Introduction to the 7
- Target Audience 8
- Introduction 8
- Altera Corporation 9.1 1–5 11
- C2H Compiler 12
- Concepts 12
- Hardware and Software 13
- 1–8 9.1 Altera Corporation 14
- C2H Compiler Concepts 14
- System Architecture 15
- Appropriate for 19
- Hardware 19
- Acceleration 19
- Poor Acceleration Candidates 20
- Next Steps 22
- 2. Getting Started Tutorial 23
- Typical Design 24
- OpenCore Plus Evaluation 25
- Tutorial 26
- Altera Corporation 9.1 2–5 27
- Getting Started Tutorial 27
- Create the Software Project 28
- Altera Corporation 9.1 2–7 29
- 2–8 9.1 Altera Corporation 30
- Altera Corporation 9.1 2–9 31
- Rebuild the Project 32
- Remove the Accelerator 37
- 3. C-to-Hardware Mapping 41
- Reference 41
- Assignments 42
- >> 44
- << 44
- Iteration Statements 45
- Selection Statements 46
- Altera Corporation 9.1 3–7 47
- Conditional Operator ?: 48
- Altera Corporation 9.1 3–9 49
- Subfunction Calls 51
- Variable 53
- Declarations 53
- Scalar Variables 54
- Accesses 55
- Memory Accesses 58
- Volatile Type Qualifier 59
- Address Computation 61
- Data Computation 62
- Master-Slave Connections 63
- Array Subscript Operator 66
- Structure and Union Operators 68
- Scheduling 70
- Data Dependencies 71
- Pointer Aliasing 72
- int offset_b) 75
- my_ptr[offset_a] = a + 7; 75
- my_ptrb[offset_b] = b + 8; 75
- Read Operations with Latency 77
- Stalling 79
- Loop Pipelining 82
- Loop-Carried Dependencies 84
- Subfunction Pipelining 89
- Resource 91
- Resource Sharing 92
- 4. Understanding the C2H 95
- Configuration Meaning 96
- Altera Corporation 9.1 4–5 99
- 4–6 9.1 Altera Corporation 100
- Resources 100
- Altera Corporation 9.1 4–7 101
- Understanding the C2H View 101
- 4–8 9.1 Altera Corporation 102
- Altera Corporation 9.1 4–9 103
- Performance 104
- Loop Latency 105
- Scheduling Information 108
- Further Reading 113
- 5. Accelerating Code Using 115
- Tools Command Line 115
- Altera Corporation 9.1 5–3 117
- 5–4 9.1 Altera Corporation 118
- C2H Performance Metrics 118
- 6. Pragma Reference 119
- Reducing Arbitration Logic 120
- Flow Control 121
- Interrupt 122
- Unshare Pointer 123
- 6–6 9.1 Altera Corporation 124
- Unshare Pointer Pragma 124
- 7. ANSI C Compliance and 125
- Restrictions 125
- 7–2 9.1 Altera Corporation 126
- Language 126
- Expressions 127
- Functions 128
- Altera Corporation 9.1 7–5 129
- 7–6 9.1 Altera Corporation 130
- Altera Corporation 9.1 7–7 131
- Goto (Section 6.8.6.1) 132
- Other Restrictions 134
- Additional Information 135
- Revision History 136
- How to Contact 137
- Typographic 137
- Conventions 137
- Visual Cue Meaning 138
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